History and Traditional Use

Valerian is a plant that originated from Europe and parts of Asia. Valeriana officinalis (European Valerian) is the main species used for medicinal purposes. However, other species also exist which grow in other parts of the world, including V. wallichii (Indian Valerian), V. fauriei (Japanese Valerian), and V. edulis (Mexican valerian). The formation of these species can be explained by the polymorphisms that have occurred as a result of adaptation to different environments.

Valerian has been utilized since the times of the ancient Greeks and Romans. In fact, the Greek physician, Galen, used this herb to treat individuals with epilepsy. Since the 18^th century, valerian was known throughout Europe for its sedative properties. In Ayurvedic medicine, V. officinalis and V. wallichii, were specifically used to treat hysteria, neurosis and epilepsy. During the World Wars, valerian was used to address cases of shell-shock and to help induce sleep. In later years, valerian was introduced in Northeastern America where it was used to alleviate symptoms of insomnia and anxiety disorders. It is considered a nutritional supplement and may come in the form of a capsule, tablet, or liquid extract. Valerian can also be administered in the form of tinctures (alcohol extracts).